Why does the Pythagorean Theorem work to verify if a point is inside of a quarter circle when estimating pi using the Monte Carlo Method ?

I was looking through the internet for answers and I couldn’t find any. 

I think this might have been straight forward for most but I was confused. 

I hope that this helps others out there. 

When we have the coordinate (x,y) why does the following work ? 

x*x + y*y <= 1 

The following expression is true when a point is inside of a quarter circle. 

But why does this work ? 

It works because the distance from the origin of a circle to the edge of a circle is always the radius. In our case it’s 1. This is demonstrated below in image two.

Therefore when we plot a point outside of the quarter circle it’s going to be greater than 1. 

The following images should help to illustrate this point.

Note: The quarter circle is the top right portion of the circle that is highlighted. c and b can be substituted for x and y. c is the distance from the origin of the circle to a plotted point.